A trangkaipui ei um hlauh chun a thra awm em el tiin 1999-a Lusei-Mizo tronga ka thusep ziek, Zoram Khawvel-8 a chuong chu a hnuoia hin ka hung thur suok a nih.
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Your manuscript is both good and original;
but the part that is good is not original,
and the part that is original is not good.
- Samuel Johnson
to alter someone else’s draft.
- H.G.Wells
Editing chu thuziak chhiar tlaka siam phuisui leh siam thrat hnapui a ni a, chumi hna titu chu Editor a ni. He hna hi hna hautak tak, pawimawh tak leh hrehawm tak a ni. Ziaktu ngêng chhun a awl êm êm a. Thuziaktu tam ber hi awm-êu tak, mahni ngaihdan dik bera hriaa sawhsawn hreh êm êm, an thuziak han khawih chet hlek pawh naka zen ang maia ngai thei lo, si hlurh mai an ni duh hle a. Editor hna chu rifiri hna, mawhphurhna sang tak keng a nih miau si avangin, hna awhawm lo tak a ni. Olin Miller chuan, “Lehkhaziaka ei zawn hi awlê nen insuala ei zawn tih lohvah chuan thil harsa ber a ni” a ti a, chumi dinhmun chu editor hna hian a dawt awm e, an ti hial a ni. #
Editor chu ziaktu leh chhiartu inkarah a ding a. Ziaktu thukhawchang ngun taka bihin a ngaithla a. A ngaihdan a inbuk tawk em (balance), a thuziak chiangin a fiah tawk em (clarity), tawi fel leh kim tak a ni em (precision), a thu leh trawngkam hman a luang thra em (flow & euphony), a thu a inlalawn thra nge inkawkalh (logic) tihte a chîk a. A thu phuh chhuahte chu thudik leh thutak nge, thu lawilo leh fahrah zawk tihte a finfiah a. A thu sawi leh sawi chhuahna trawngkam a inchawih tawk leh tawk loh a bûk bawk a. Hleihluaka thu uarna a awm chuan thu chuangtlai apiang chhawk dan tur a zawng a. Thu herh emaw sawi fiah ngai, a sawi fiah hneh loh avanga a awmzia chiang lo leh man fuh harte a awm chuan a siam thra a, ziah thrat ngaia a hriatte chu ziak thra turin a ziaktu a ngen a. A tum ber chu chhiartute chhiar tui leh hlawkpui tura thuziak chu chhiar tlaka siam phuisui a ni. Hetianga sir tin atranga en a, thuziak endik lama hnuhthual beihpui thlak hi ‘Substantive editing’ an ti.
Hei hi a trûl chhan chu, ziaktu tam tak chuan dannaranin an mit atrang chauhva thil an thlir avangin, an sawi tum tak sawiah an inngai a, an thil sawi dan chu dik leh mawi, fel leh fiahin an hre bawk a. Sir hrang hrang atranga mahni thuziak chîk taka an bih ngai loh avang emaw leh bihna hman an neih loh avangin, tukverh hrang atranga fimkhur taka an thuziak lo bihpuitu atan mit hrang leh mi dang an mamawh a, chu chu editor-in a rawn luah ta a ni. Ziaktu leh editor trang kawp chuan thuziak thra, mawi, chhiar tlak leh tlân tham rem chhuah an tum a ni.
Editing a harna êm êm pakhat chu, a ziaktu sitail emaw awrâwl tibuai si lova a thuziak siam thrat ngai apiang chauh siam thrat tur a nih vang a ni. A ziaktu awrawl pu reng sia dik le mawi taka thu sawitir chu thil hautak tak a ni a. Thuziak hi a ziaktu leh chhiartu inkara titina a nih avangin, a chhiartuin a ziaktu awrawl leh awphawi a hriat phak reng a ngai a. Thuziaktu awrawl Editor-in mi dang awrawl a chhuahtir chuan a thuziak chu a haijêksak tihna ang a ni. Chuvangin, editing hi thil awlsam a ni lo.
Thuziak hi in sak ang a ni a. Kan in sakna tur hmun leh kan in mamawh dan azirin a ruangâm tur rilrua duan hmasak phawt a ngai a. Chumi hnuah kan sak dan tur tak dizain siam a, a sakna tur hmanrua dap khawm a ngai leh a. A ruhrêl kan din phawt a, chumi hnuah pindan, kawngkhar, tukverh leh thil dang dang siamin luah tlakin kan buatsaih thrin a ni. A ruangâm leh ruhrel dik mah se kan hmanraw neiin a daih loh emaw leh kan thil hman a thrat si loh chuan in thra leh mawiin kan din chhuak lo vang. Hmanraw thra ber ber nei mah ila, kan in dizain a dik lo emaw, hmanruate chu a hmanna tur taka hman dan leh rem khawm dan kan thiam si loh chuan in mawi leh nuamah kan chhuah bawk lo vang. Kan hmanraw neih a indaih tawk loh avanga a bang threnah lung leh leirawhchan, a threnah thingphel, a threnah dâp kan hman chuan a mawi mawh hle ang.
Thuziak pawh chutiang tho chu a ni. Enganga hmanraw thra pawh kawl ila, a hman dan leh mawi taka rem khawm dan kan thiam si loh chuan chhiar tlakin kan chhuah ngai lo vang. Lehlamah chuan, kan thu vuak thlak a fahrah a, a thâwp tlat si chuan, engang trawngkam thra leh thlum pawhin khuh mawi tum ila, a hlutna a tipung chuang bawk lo. Editor thra chuan thuziaka bakchhamna awmte chu tihphuisui dan a zawng a, a thâwtna apiangte chu her ngheh a tum a, a mâm lohna lai apiangte chu tirualin a tuaihnûm a, chhiar tlakah a siam thrin a ni.
Ziaktu threnkhat erawh mi dang mit vuah a, anmahni thuziak sir hrang hrang atranga bih leh ennawn chîng mi an ni a. Chung mite chuan Editor hna nasa takin an tizangkhai a ni. English thu leh hla phuah thiam, kohhran upa ni bawk, Jonathan Swift (1667-1745) kha chutiang mi chu a ni a. An sawi dan chuan, tun thlenga lehkhabu chhiar hlawh tak Gulliver’s Travels (1726) a ziah lai chuan, a ziak zawh apiang an chhiahhlawhte a chhiartir hmasa phawt a. An hriat thiama an tuipui chuan a thrain a ngai a, hriat harsa an tih chuan a ziak thra leh vek thrin a ni. Ziaktu a nihna ai mahin amah Editor-a a invuahna kha a ngai pawimawh zawk a. A thuziak chhiartu mimawl ber nena kâr siam thei thu rêng rêng chu a paih vek a, duh tawka an ei leh chawm thei thu leh trawngkam tluangin a thlak thrin a ni. Chuvangin, a thawnthu ziakin tun thlenga chhiar a la hlawh reng hi thilmak a ni lo.
Mi thuziak edit harsatzia hi ka tem ve tawh a. Trum khat chu mi pakhatin a lehkhabu ziak, a chhuan êm êm chu editpui turin min ngen a. Thrahnem ka ngaihpui êm avangin hreh chungin mi ngenna ang chuan tihpui ka tum a. Threnkhat chuan ‘editing’ hi ‘proofreading’ emaw an ti a, ziah emaw chhut sual chauh siam thra turin an beisei thrin a. Chutiang tur chuan min beisei ve pawh a ni mai thei. Kei chuan editing chu siam phuisuina hna a ni tih hre rengin a thuziakte chu theihtawpin edit ka han tum a. Ka tehna fungah chuan edit tum aia ziah thrat vek chu awlsam zawkin ka hria a. Mahse a awphawi leh awrawl paih veka ziah thratsak chu ka tih tur a ni si lo. Phek engemaw zat ka han chhin a, ka han chhiar leh chuan a ziaktu awrawl rêng a lang pha ta si lo. Chuvangin, haisan hmanhmawh chu ka chuh ta zawk a ni. Chuta trang chuan editor-ah min dah ang tih hi ka hlau hliah hliah tawh a ni.
Editor thra neih chu vanneihna leh malsawmna ropui tak a ni. Mahni thuziak edit hi a harsa êm êm a. Kan kuthnu a nih avangin hre vekin kan inhria a, dik tawkin kan ngai a, dilchhût takin kan chhiar peih tawh lova, vawi tam chhiar hnu pawhin chhut sual leh chhut hmaih palh hi a awm fo mai. Ka thuziak, vawi tam fe ka siam thrat hnu leh editing min tihpuituten an tuaihnum hnua lehkhabua kan chhuah tawhte hi a hnua mit thara ka chhiar a, beng thara ka ngaihthlak changin, ho tê têa lang si ka tihsual ka hmu treuh thrin a, mak ka ti hial thrin a ni. Chuvangin, tukverh hrang hrang atranga ka thuziak min bihpuitu tur mit dang ka mamawh takzet a ni tih ka hre chhuak deuh deuh a ni. Kan hriat lohzia hriat chhuah hi malsawmna leh hmasawnna ropui tak a lo ni.
Copy Editing
Substantive Editing ai chuan Copy-editing hi nasa takin a awlsam tawh zawk a. A hmasa hi hnuhpui emaw hnuhhram thlawh ang lo ni se, a hnuhnung hi pawhchhiat ang a ni. Copyediting-ah chuan ziaktuin spelling, grammar leh punctuation te a hmang dik em, hawrawp pui leh hawrawp te a hman dan tur takin a hmang em, a thu luan dan leh a sitail te mawi rualin a ngaihzawnawm em, a parakraf rem khawm dan a khuangrual em, a thu lakna hnâr a sawite chu a dah dan tur takin a dah em ? tihte chu editor chuan a chîk ber a. Han chhiara a thu kal leh ri luang inchhuihna leh tritrohna apiang a siam rem bawk a. Chutianga a tih zawh chuan a Manuscript (Mss) chu khawla chhut atan an peih fel thrin a ni.
Press-a chhut hnua an chhut dik leh dik lo enfiahtu leh chhut sual awm apiang kawrektu chu editor ni tawh lohvin proof-reader a ni tawh zâwk a. Editor threnkhat chuan proof-reading nen an kawp nghal avangin, mi tam tak chuan ‘editing’ leh ‘proof-reading’ hi thil thuhmun emaw an ti châwk thrin reng a ni. Mahse, a ni lo. Editing chu manuscript buatsaih laia tih a ni a, proof-reading chu khawla chhut hnua an chhut sual palh endik leh siam thratna hna a ni. A pawimawh ber zawka chu editing a ni.
Zoram khawvela lehkhabu emaw chanchinbu chhuak tam tak hi chîk taka kan bih chuan editing lamah kan bakchham êm êm niin a lang. Lehkhabu threnkhat phei chu bawlhlawh bawm (dustbin), duh duh vawm khawmna ang maiah kan chantir niin a lang. Lehkhabu threnkhat chu editing han tih hleka mawihnai tak tur, mahse kan tih loh avanga hmelhem taka kan chhuah a awm bawk. Nalh takin nula inchei se, a kawr hmaiah chirh emaw êk them kai si se, chu chuan a nalhna zawng zawng kha tihmelhemin a titenawm vek ang. Chutiang bawkin, thuziak mawi tak pawh thumal emaw sentence trawmhnawm pakhat pahnih a tel palh avang ringawtin a tihmelhem vek thei a ni. Tin, kan thu lâkna hnâr sawi lova mahni phuh chhuah anga thil sawi vak vak kan chîn bâkah phuahchawp leh thawnthu chiang bal pawh tak sawi kan chîng a. Editor thra chuan chutiang zawng zawng chu then fai a, a si zawng paih a, a tak zawng ei tlâka bâwl a tum a ni.
Zofate zinga mahni thuziak ngun tak leh fimkhur taka edit peih bera ka hriat chu, fam ta Thrianpa Siamkima Khawlhring kha a ni. Amah kha ama thu chîk mi (critic) a ni a, a thuziakte kha sir tin atranga chîk taka bihin a thrial sawm a. Lung tlu zâna a rem fel tawh sentence reng reng kha chu a dak zaih a, a bûk a khin nalh mai a ni. Chuvangin, a thuziak edit-pui atan mi dang a sawm ngai kher awm lo ve. Zoram Khawvel bu hmasa ber min edit-pui a. 1990 kum bul khan Rangoon atranga Milan kan pan tumin Delhi-ah February-April kan chawlh a. Diuti chhuanlamin Delhi-ah a lo chhuk thla a, ka thlenna External Affairs hostel-ah no mawi dawm pahin ka Mss kan han thrial sawm a, thrial harsa a tih apiang ka hman chhan min zawt a, ka hrilhfiah zêl a. Ziah dan tluang zawka a ngaih apiang a sawi zêl bawk a. Ka la hriat reng pakhat chu, “Engahnge ‘dawnkhawl’ tih hi i hman? Zotrawngah kan hmang ngai em ni?” a ti a. Kei chuan, “Hmang ngai e. English-a ‘meditation’ tihna anga ka hman a ni a. Kum hlui thlahna hlaah pawh Laithangpuian, ‘Tinkim ka dawnkhawlin awmkhua in tihar ngei’ tih a hman kha” ka ti a. Kuva thrial mual mual chungin a bu nghut a. “ ‘Tlawng vuaka Mat dap’ tih hi ‘Mat vuaka Tuichang dap’ a ni zawk lo maw ?” a rawn ti leh a. Kei chuan, “ Thingfanghma leh nuhnûn emaw saidawiûm leh palang emaw ang, thil thuhmun sawina, Mizoram chim leh hmar lam hman dan inan loh vang mai alawm. Nangni chhim lam mi chuan ‘Tualte Vanglai’ pawh ‘Sailam Vanglai’ in ti daih a ni lawm ni ?” ka ti a, a nui kuk kuk a. Nuam tiin kan hlim thrin ngawt asin. Editor thra nena lehkhabu edit chu thuziak zirna sikul thra bera kal aiin a hlawk zawk.
Editing min tihpui tur ka dap apiangin Thrianpa Siamkima kha rilruah a lo lang ziah a, a ngaihawm thrin ngawt mai. Ka tan chuan ‘friend, guide and philosopher’ mai ni lovin ‘most enlightening editor’ a ni.
(August 10, 1999 Delhi)
# The New York Public Library lehkhabu chhuah ‘ Writer’s Guide to Style and Usage’ , 1994 ( Indian Edition 1999 p..579)
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