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Feb 21, 2013

Revisionist Tukverh Atrangin


Hnam tinin kan thil hlutte zinga mi chu kan Kût hrang hrangte hi a ni awm e. Kan kûtte hi kan hnam nun atranga zawi zawia lo tro chhuak, kan chanchin leh nihna hriltu a ni. Kût threnkhat chu sakhua nena inkungkaih an nih avangin a serhin kan serh a. Judaho kût zawng zawng deuthawh leh India rama kût pawimawh, sorkarin chawlh a puan hial tam zawk hi sakhaw thil nena inzawm a ni. Zofaten Kristian sakhua kan vawn hnua kan ni serh te hi kût hming puttir loh mah ila kût ziarang pu vek a ni a, kan saphunna sakhua nena inzawm deuh vek a ni bawk.

Zofaten kût kan hmante hi kan khawsakna leh eizawnna nena inzawm a ni tlangpui. ‘Hmanlai Mizo Nun’ (1999) tih ziaktu C.Lianthanga chuan, “Mizote hian kût chi thum kan nei a, chungte chu Chapchar kût, Mim kût leh Pawl kût te a ni a, heng zingah hian Chapchar kût hi kût ropui ber a ni” (p. 109) tiin a ziak a. James Dokhuma pawhin chutiang chiah chuan a ziak ve a (Hmanlai Mizo Kalphung, 1992 p.76) Mi dang pawh chutianga sawi chu an tam mai. Mahse, hei hi Revisionist-ho mit pua thlir nawn leh bih chian a ngai.

Revisionist-ho chu tute nge? Revisionist-ho chuan histawri an chhiarin thu dik nia an ziak kha a dik chiah em? tih an chhui a, dik loh emaw, dik hlelh deuh emaw a awm chuan siam thrat trulin an hria. Histawri hi dannaranin hnehna changtute emaw, thuneihna fawng vuantuten tranghma ngai tak leh an lung tluk zawnga an ziahtir a ni tlangpui a, chumi avang chuan thu dik hliamin a awm thrin a ni. Entirnan, zawlbuk hmang ta ila. Mizote nunah zawlbuk a pawimawhzia leh inthununna hmun ber leh tlawmngaihna hnâr, “a tel loin Mizo nun a kim thei lo” tih hiala kan sawi thrin a ni. Mahse, chu chu a dik chiah em? Chu chu Revisionist-ho thil zawh thrin chu a ni.

Tun china kan hriat dan chuan, kum 1350 vel atrang tawh khan Chin Hills atrangin Zo hnahthlak threnkhat chu kan lo thlangtla tawh a, Tripura leh Chittagong Hill Tracts velah kan tla thla a, Kawrvai (Bengali) ten ‘Kuki’ tiin min lo ko a. Kum zathum hnuah, 1700 AD vel khan Luseiho chu Mizoram-ah an lo thlang tla ve a. Phuba la tura Pawih ral lo hrâng thla tura an rin chu a ruala do rawn dan tur ngaihtuahin Kawlha khua Selesih-ah Sailo lal pasarih/pariat an inchhun khawm a, veng tinah tlangvalho riah khawmna in an sa a, chu chu zawlbuk rawn awm tran dan nia kan sawi dan tlangpui chu a ni. Zawlbuk chu ral laka inven nana (defence system) an duan chhuah a ni. Khawtlang inrelbawlnan leh inthunun nan hmun pawimawh tak a nih avangin, “Mizo nun ze mawi tak tlawmngaihna chhawm nungtu pawimawh a ni a, titi trangkai leh pipu chanchin inhlan chhawnna hmun a ni bawk” (B.Lalthangliana, Zoram Encyclopaedia, p.765)

Chik zawka kan histawri kan thlir chuan, Selesih atranga darh ta Luseiho leh a hnua Fanai Pawihho lalna khaw-ah deuh chauh zawlbuk a awm a, Zo hnathlak hnam dang tumahin zawlbuk an neih ngai lo. A neih palh an awm chuan Luseiho tih dan an lo kawpi a ni mai thei. Chuvangin, zawlbuk chanchin leh a nihna kan sawi leh ziah changa tlawmngaihna hnâr, a telh loa Zofate nun kim thei lo anga kan tar lan hian thil pawi tam tak a khawih theih tih kan hriat a thra. Hetianga thil sawi hi ‘Exclusive Approach’ a ni. A chhan chu zawlbuk neih ho chauh Mizo-ah kan chhiar a, Zo hnahthlak dang 75% vel chu pawnah kan dah tihna a ni. Zawlbuk hi tlawmngaihna hnâr leh Mizo nun ze mawi chhawm nungtu anga kan sawi pawh hian Zo hnahthlak 75 % vel chu tlawmngaihna hnâr neih loh, tlawmngaihna nun kengkawh ve loh angah kan dah tihna a ni a, chutianga thu dengkhawng leh zahpuiawm chu a awm chuang dawn em ni? Haupzau pawlisi hmangin Zoram khawvel hi i din chhoh zel zawk ang u.

Hetiang thil kan sawi hian zawlbuk a pawimawh loh tihna lam a ni lo. Zawlbuk pawimawhzia hi sawiin a siak lo; kan saphunna khawvelah pawh ‘zawlbuk theology’ thleng kan sawi kai ve phak tawh. Chu tah pawh chuan, ‘Tlawmngaihna theology’ nen tangka hmai hnih angin kan sawi tlangpui. A dikna chin a awm mai thei. Mahse, zawlbuk theology avanga tlawmngaihna theology lo piang chhuak ni tura kan sawi hunah kan thu leh hla a lai tran a, thu dik kan hliam tih tih hre miah loin, thil pawi kan khawih thrin a ni. Mizorama khawtlang pawl lian berin a khat tawka irhfiak a vei thrin chhan hi kan bih chian chuan, Mizoram histawri lo ziaktute agenda anga zawlbuk tlawmngaihna leh inthununna kengkawh tuma mawlmang taka tran a lak vang a ni thui hle.

Kum 1947 August 15 daih tawh khan kan ram hi zalenin, Danpui duanin, mipui rorelna (Parliamentary democracy) hnuaiah kan lut tawh tih leh British sorkarin kum sawmnga aia tam min awp beh chhunga kan dinhmun let tam taka nasain hma kan sawn tawh tih kan hria a. Mahse, kan zalen loh lai, kan lalte hemfunga hmanga ran ang chiaha min enkawl hun, kan tlawm lai ber hun kha uicho-a an hman threnkhat chuan, Israel miten Aigupta rama sa bêl bula an thrut lai, puar taka chaw an ei lai hunte an ngai vawng vawng ang khan an ngai ve a, pa pakhat phei chuan lungsi takin khang hun lai kha a lehkhabu hmingah ‘Golden History of Lushai Hills’ a vuah hial a ni! Ch. Saprawnga’n Mizo tlawm tawh vek chu kan tlawm ngawih ngawih mai a ni (Ka Zin Kawng) a lo tih kha lungloha lak chi pawh a ni awm lo e. A enga pawh chu ni se, keimahni kan inhmuh dan leh kan histawri kan en dan, abikin Mizo nihna kan ngaihdan le pawm dan hi kan inbih nawn a ngai.

Chapchar kût lamah lut tawh ila. Chapchar kût rawn intran hun chiah hi tuman an sawi thei lo. Suaipui khaw lalin a khaw tlangvalte ramchhuak, zak taka hlawhchhama lo hawte tihhlim nana ruai a threh atrang rawn intran niin threnkhat chuan an sawi a. Chu chu kum tin an chhunzawm zel a, Chapchar Kût hi lo chhuak ta nia sawi a ni bawk. Tin, kum khat chhunga Mizote Kût pawimawh pathum- Chapchar Kut, Mim Kut & Pawl Kut- zinga lar ber leh hlimawm ber, ni ruk chhung zu leh sa chena hlim an chenna hun niin sawi a ni bawk. Hei hi dik thluam angin lang mah se, belh chian a dawl lo mai thei. Mizorama cheng, Luseiho tih dan, Zofate zawng zawng tih dan anga kan sawi lut ni zawkin a lang. Zofate zinga hnam hrang hrang histawri kan bih chuan hnam hrang hrangin kût hrang hrang an neih a, kût thuhmun pawh ni se, khaw hrang hranga an hman dan a thuhmun vek lo. Hmar hnahthlakte tana kût pawimawh ber chu Sikpui Kût a ni a, chu chu North-Cachar Hills District (Dima Hasao) leh Manipur (Churachandpur) ah chuan sorkar gazetted holiday a ni. Chapchar Kût hmang thrin hi Zoram khawvelah zawng la, tun hnaia thawhthar an nih ngawt loh chuan, Mizorama Luseiho leh an vela cheng, an tih dan kawpi-a lo ti ve te deuh chauh an ni mai thei.

‘The Origin of Chapchar Kut’ (2005) tih ziaktu R.L.Thanzawna chuan ni ruk chhunga Kût an hman dan hetiang hian a dah a: Ni 1: Lusei Vawktalh. Ni 2: Ralte Vawktalh. Ni 3: Tlaivarin nula-tlangvalho an lam. Ni 4: Zupui Ni. Ni 5: Zu thing chawi ni. Day 6: Eipuar awm ni. Ngaihtuah thui vak pawh ngai loa miten zawhna an zawh tur chu: Ni khatna leh ni hnihna Luseiho le Ralteho vawk talh ni a nih chuan, Chapchar Kût hi anni hnam hnih tan chauha duan em ni ang? Hei hi a ni, khami hmaa ‘Exclusive Approach’ tiha ka sawi tawh kha. Chapchar Kût chanchin leh a behbawm kan ziak tam tak hian belhchian a dawl lo; Zofate insuikhawmna kalkawng tihnawktu a ni thei.

Kum 2009-2010 chhung khan Manipur phai leh Tripura cheng Zo hnahthlak, hnam dangte cheh rala awm tawh leh awm mekte chu an dinhmun chian tumin kan zin kual a. An mi hluite leh thil chinchang hre deuhte chu kan kawm a. Hei hi kum tam tak kal ta atranga ka ngaihtuahna khamtu a ni. Kum 1900-a Grierson-a hoa Linguistic Survey an tih hnu khan tih leh turin vawi tam India sorkarin ruahmanna siam thrin mah se, an bawhzui dan atrangin an tui tak tak lo tih a chiang a. Hnam hrang chanchin leh an tawnhriat, trawng, thu leh hla hlui, an hnam lam chi hrang hrang, kût an hman leh serh chi hrang hrang khawn khawm chu kan thil tum a ni a. Chu chu a hmingah Cultural Mapping ka vuah a. Mapping tih dan tur hmang hriat loh chuan sorkara tranpuina sum dil dan tur hriat a har avangin, mahni sum sengin Preliminary Survey kan tran tawp mai a ni. Hemi kan zin chhung hian hnam ro kan chàn hnem tawhzia hmu chiang zualin ka inhria a. Heng zawng zawng hi kan lak khawm hunah Baibul tiata chhah a tlêm berah Volume 12-15 vel a lo ni ang a, chu chu Zoram khawvel foundation chhenfakawm a ni ngei ang tih ka ring. Chutianga tih loh a, Aizawl tlang atranga duh duha kan kalchar pumbilh kan tum chuan, Lost Tribe dinhmun chuh duh pawlte beiseina tihpuitlinsakin, kan hnam ruhro nen he lei ram hi kan chhuahsan ni a lo la thleng ngei ang.

Chapchar Kût ka hman hnuhnun ber chu Delhi-ah March 31, 2007 khan a ni. Khuallianaah ka trang a. Hemi buatsaihtute hi Kawlram atranga lo kal, Delhi tlanga rifiuzi-a awmte an ni. Janakpuri-ah hian dannaranin mi sang chuang an awm reng a, ka hman hun apiangah ka va tlawh thrin. Hetiang dinhmuna khawsaten Chapchar Kut an buatsaih mai hian rilru a khawih hle a, thu ril tam tak a sawi a ni. Chumi truma ka thu sawi chu ka lehkha ziak lai hian ka hre chhuak a, tlêm ka han zeh telh a ni:

“Kût kan buatsaih hian hnam dam khawchhuahna kawng kan zawh tihna a ni. Hnam hian hrawkhrui pawimawh êm êm pahnih a nei a, chumi hrawkhrui chu a engpawh a chah chuan kha hnam kha hnamah a dam khawchhuak thei lo.

Hnam hrawkhrui pakhat chu kan nunphung leh ziarang, kalchar kan tih hi a ni. Chu chu hnam dangten hnam hrang kan nihzia min hmuh theihna darthlalang a ni. Chumi darthlalang atrang chuan vai chu vai, zo chu zo tih kan hre thei. Chapchar Kût kan hman hian kan hnam kalchar kan la kengkawh zêl tih kan entir mai ni loin khawvel hriatah kan chian a ni.

Hnam hrawkhrui pahnihna chu trawng a ni. Trawng kan hloh chuan hnam kan hloh tihna tluk a ni. Bawng hi bu loin khuang ta se mak kan ti hle ang. Bawng a khuan chuan taksaah bawng la ni reng mah se âr mizia a pu daih tawh tihna a ni. Trawng hloh chu mizia hlohna a ni. Trawng kan hloh rualin kan thu leh hla kan hloh nghal tihna a ni bawk. Zofate pawh hnama dam khawchhuah tuma hma kan lak zelnaah kan trawng hi kan ngai pawimawh tur a ni. Hnam naupang kan la nih avangin, Zo hnahthlak trawng hrang hrang atrangin kan zavaia hman tur, trawng tualleng zawi zawiin a piang chho mek a, chu chu tihhmasawn leh chawi nun zel hi kan mawhphurhna a ni.

Heng kan sawi, hnam hrawkhrui pahnih hi a chah chuan hnamah kan dam khawchhuak thei lo. Hnam damna tura kan mamawh nia kan sawi fo ram te, sakhua te, hmasawnna chi hrang hrangte hi hnama kan la dam avanga kan mamawh chauh an ni zawk. Hnam hrawkhrui a chah tawh hnu chuan hengte hi eng tihna mah a ni lo. Sakhuain hnam a chhandam lo a, hnam a dam avangin sakhua pawh a dam ve chauh a ni zawk. Hemi thuruk hi kan hriat fiah a pawimawh hle a ni.

Khawvela hnam fei ber chu Israelte hi an nih ka ring. Khawi hmunah pawh awm se, an hnam suihkhawmtu hmanrua pawimawh ber chu an Kût chi hrang hrang niin a lang. Kût hman nachang an hriat loh hun chu an tlâk hniam lai a ni thrin a, an tharthawh hun chu tuai tharna kawng zawh nachang an rawn hriat chhuah leh hun a ni zêl. Kawng danga sawi chuan, an hnam hrawkhrui chawmtu ber chu an kût a ni. An kûtte hi an hnam damna hnàrpui a ni. Zofate nunah pawh hemi thuruk hi a dik kumkhua ang tih ka ring. Vawiina Chapchar Kût kan hman hian chumi hnam damna kawng chu kan zawh ve a ni tih hriain, hlawk tak leh hlim takin i hmang ang u.”


Chapchar Kût pawimawh bikna chu ei leh in ringawt ni loin, hnam thuam leh lam chi hrang hrang inentir siakna remchanga kan hman hi a ni. Kan aidentiti leh van laia tla hnam kan nih lohzia tichiangtu a ni a, kan incheina silhfente hi kan kut thiamzia hriltu a ni. Keiniho kût hrang hranga kal telh ve changa cultural show an zawh hnua Zofa hnam hrang hrang trawngka ka hriat thrin chu, “Chungho chuan kan hnam puan an hmang, kan Hmar-am an veng, kan ngotekher an feng…” tih a ni thrin. Hei hian min tilawm thrin. Kan inhnaihzia, chhul khat kual kan nihzia hriltu a ni. Hnam dang nen rothil kan inchuh ka hre ngai lo. Vaiho saree hi neihtu nihna kan chuh ngai lo ang bawkin kan puanchei pawh hi Vaihoin min chuhpui dawn lo kumkhua. Unau Maraho lam, ‘Sawlakia’ pawh hmun dangah ‘Sarlamkai’ an lo ti a nih pawhin, Isuan a zirtir Simon Barjona hnenah, “Nang hi Peter (Kifa) i ni tih ka hrilh bawk a che” tih ang kha a ni.

Eng pawh ni se, Zofate zinga inpumkhatna leh insuihkhawm duhna rilru hi hrisel tak leh duhawm taka a thran len chhoh zel kan duh a, chumi kalkawng dal theihtu leh tihnufum theihtu thil reng reng chu kan thian fai a ngai. Kan lehkhabu tam tak hi Revisionist tukverh atranga thlir chuan siam thrat ngai a tam mai. ‘Exclusive approach” hi bansanin, ‘inclusive approach” lam i uar ang u. Chu tah chuan hnam dam khawchhuahna pawh a awm.

(Delhi, February 19, 2013)

1 comment :

Apa Anu said...

A thra ka ti khawp mai; ka duh leh zualna lai chu 'Sakhuain hnam a chhandam lo a, hnam a dam avangin sakhua pawh a dam ve chauh a ni zawk.' tih lai hi a ni.