Sinlung

“every man has a map in his heart of his own country
and that the heart will never allow you to forget this map. (p. 18)”
― Alexander McCall Smith

Ka ziek dinga bituk thupui hi ziek chakum deu el a ni laiin buon huphurum tak a nina lai a um bok. Ziek châk a umna san chu kum sawmnga vel sunga hnam histawri ni awma ei mihai ei inba hi bel chieng dawl lo, lungnona chirdieka inthoka hruol suok histawri saihlum, hang pera inbuot suota a dengna taphota indar phung el a nizie tar lang a trul bakah thudik sontlung pila inthoka chang fek foka hruol mum, histawri saihluma thlak nuom a um lei a nih. Huphur a umna san chu, thudik hril le sa jâng kâp a na ti ang khan, thudik ngai thei lo pawl, abikin thosilen histawrian hai le an dawi sa kil hlak haiin tin le ha leh thranga an hung kal rĕk ding lei a nih. Sienkhom pipu thuvara, “Saihlûm le thudik chu a’n ngè ngai nawh” ti ang khan, saipui lam lawn thawin, Sinlung ei ti vet hi hang sai ei ti aw.

Sinlung thusim
Hnam tinin ei hung suokna trobul ni dinga pipua inthoka thusim (myth) ei inhlan sawng pei a um hlak a. Chuong thilhai chu ziek ngeia hlu lût a ni pha leh a hnam pum hrietna (national memory) bawmah hmun a hung khuor a, a hung inchie sawt pha leh thusim (myth) amanih thurachi (legend) amanih le tienthu (old stories) ela sie ta loa chanchin tak tak um ngei, histawri ang sunga kam indên taka ei hung khum chang a um hlak. Mihriem hung intranna nia Mosie ziek Eden huon, Irak rama um ni-a hril khom hi chuong ang bawma khum chi chu a ni el thei. Ei hung suokna ni dinga ei zeldin Sinlung khom hih. Kum 2013-a Sinlung Hills Development Council buotsaih documentary-a khom ‘Sinlung’ chu a umna ni dinga Reader’s Digest Atlas-a inthoka mi threnkhat hmu suok chuh besana hmangin thlang an hung intlaktir a nih.

Israelhaiin a tak ngeia ke nghatsan ram an nei hmasa tak chu an hnampa Abrahamin a nuhmei Sari phumna dinga Hebron khuoa Hit mi Efron kuta inthoka Mamre bula Makpela Puk le lo le a ramri sunga thing um po po shekel 400-a an chawk chu a nih (Gen 23:17-20). Hi pûka hin an thlatu bul Abraham hai, Isak hai, Jakob hai le mi dang dang an phum a nih. B. C 4 laia thi Herod Lien (Herod The Great) an ti khan kul ropui takin Makpela Pûk hi a’n huon khum a. Kum sanghni hnung, 1993 September 28-a ka sir khom khan hi kul hin hlui hmel a la put nawh. A hnung daiah ‘Sulhnung Hring Zing’ ti artikul ka ziek nghe nghe.

Zo hnathlakhai khomin ei hung suokna nia ei hriet hlat tak chu ‘Pûk’ a nih. Chu chu ‘R’ Group chun Sinlung/Chhinlung, ‘G’ Group chun ‘Khul’ ei tih. Hmar hnathlak (Old Kuki) laia threnkhat chun ‘Khurpui’ an ti bok. ‘Khul’ ti le ‘Khur/Pûk’ chuh thil thuhmun hrilna trongkam a nih. Sienkhom Israelhai pûk hmingthang le eini pûk danglamna chu, pakhat hi tak rama thil um ngei, an hnam thlatu bulhai zalna hmun a ni a; a dang hi zeldinna rama thil um, amiruokchu ei hnam ngaituona sungrila riek tlat chu a nih. ‘Sinlung suok’ ei ti chun piengpui unau, sul khat kuol, trobul thuhmun ei tina a nih. Chu chun Zo hnathlakhai a mi huop vong.

Ei hung suokna puk umna ni dinga ei ring ruok hi chuh a chieng naw el khom ni loin, a hmun ni dinga ei ring dan khom a khuongruol nawh. Threnkhat chun hi hmun hi China rama um ni dingin an ring. Tui tla chun insanhimna dingin rûl chen khom a chel ti ang khan, a ring huoi deuhai lem chun Yunnan Province hmar tieng, Szechwan Province-a Yalung vadung kama um, Reader’s Digest Great World Atlas (1961, Reprinted with amendments January 1979) phek 69-a ‘Sinlung’ ti inziek chu ni ngeia ringin, bu tak khûkin ei khukpui. Zawlnei Jeremia-in, lungril hi ieng po nek khoma hlemhmang chungchuong le siem thrat thei ruol lo nia a hril ang khan (Jer 17:9), tranghma keina leia mihriemin mani le mani inhlem ei poisak naw chara inthokin hlemna bawiah ei lut a, mani dawi sa inhnikti takin ei fak mol mol nuom hlak hrim a nih.

Jêldin Sinlung Vs. Phuokfawm Sinlung
Reader’s Digest Map-a inthoka ei Sinlung zong suok ang deua thaw ve pakhat, tu lai hnai ela Sinlung hmu suoka inhril, eini laia thri be pawla inngai pakhatin ‘The first Christopher Columbus of the Hmars’ ti chawimawina lukhum a’n khumtir hiel, Rev. L. Rema, Huoltu khaw mi, tuta Aizawl Venghnuoia um, B. Th dikri neia an hril kha a ni el thei. February 22, 2012 khan Aizawla inthokin Burma (Myanmar) ah a lût a, chu taka inthoka fe peiin China ram Sichuan (Swechwan/Szechuan) Province-ah a lut a, March 20, 2012 khan Sinlung khuo chu a tlung tah a nih.  Hi a Sinlung sir nia a hril hi a umna hmun a hril dan le inkhǐna a hmanga inthoka ei hmu danin, Yalung vadung kama khaw pakhat, Reader’s Digest Great World Atlas, 1961 a chuong ei hril tah, ei mithiema ngai threnkhat chena i-hê loa ei Sinlung hril vet hi ni dinga an mi lo awrdenpui, sienkhom histawri le inzomna nei dêr si lo, ngei kha niin a’n lang. Thanga hming put nazong hi ei mi hriet ‘Thanga’ an ni naw ang bokin Sinlung hming put nazong hi ei ‘Sinlung’ a ni thei nawh.

Chun, Aizawla inthoka Myanmar fe thlenga Yunnan Province khĕla um Sichuan Province-a ‘Sinlung’ khuo nia a jeldin hla tak el, ni 25 sung chaua a tlung hman el khom hi, ‘ramhuoi speed’ an ti anga hrâta inzin a ni ngei ring a um. Dan anga passport chawi a, visa neia fe ni loin ‘reverend’ naw deua a rûk a răla inzin ni mei a ta, a ripawt an hung ziek dan leh khom a thaw dan sitail hi an inmil hmêl hlein ka hriet. Ama hi Eden huon hlui umna khom zong suok dingin ruoi inla, sawt naw te sungin a hung zong suok el thei a nih.

January 19, 1992-a Longtlaia ka titipui Vanawia an ti khomin Isai 41:2 a “Khawsak tieng mi pakhat, felna leia rongbawla ko” tia ‘mi pakhat’ ti kha ama ngei nia a ngai tlat leiin, Mizorama tlang insang tak Phawngpui bula khaw chikte Sangau-ah 1977 khan kum sang rorel a tran mop a, a lo inhnikpui pawl chun in le lo zorin Sangau-ah inpem lut a, kum 15 hiel ei khawvel a zar buoi hman ve a nih.  Hienga Pathien thu sirsana neia ngaituona kholbing hmang pawl hi Zoram khawvela hin an suok zeu zeu hlak hrim a nih. “Pawlitiks thila khom ‘risk’ an lak hlak ang bokin ringna thilah ‘risk’ ei lak ve a ni khah!” tiin a mi hril.  An thu le hla lo khŭkpui tawk khom an hmu pei. Zo hnathlakhai hi Kelkang hau tienga hnienghnar hnam ei nih.

Chu chun thil pakhat a mi’n hriet suoktir a. Aizawla ka’n zin trum khat chu pipu sulhnung sui suokna tienga inhnik pawl, mi hausa Buongthang hai rawi le inthlop ruol hin Sumo thruoi a, Trieu vadung kân a, Rilipui tlăn khêl a, Sinlung zong dinga inthok suok an rot a, ka ngaidan indon malamin an mi rawn nghe nghe a. An thil invoi dan chu ngaisang a um lai zingin, ram dangah chuong ela fe thei a ni naw thu le fe ding chun nasa taka inbuotsai lawk a trŭl thu le an inbuotsai dan ding ka hril a. Thil chinchang an hang hriet chun an thil tum chu an thrul tah nghal a nih. Anni rawi hi an nih Memorandum sei tak zieka Pathien ang thawthanga an ngai ni awm tak USA President kuoma zuolkohai khah.

Hming hmaa ‘Reverend’ inziekhai lai hin a sî le a tak an um ti hih tlang hriet a nih. A sî le a lem ni si, ngaingam taka hi nîna inza-um tak put ngamhai hi fimkhur taka dawr a ngai. Israel lal Ahab chanchina thiempu zali ruol a ruoi, an hmŭra thlarau khêlhlip kop, Baibul-in a hril (2 Kron. 18 & 1 Lalhai 22) ang kha an ni thei. A thren lem chu ‘story’ le ‘history’ danglamna hre hrang lo, ringna khawvel le hnam histawri kei kop tum phet, Sinai tlanga inthoka ei histawri mi tranpui a, ‘manna’ hming phuoktu-ah insâl a, kum tam bu-a mi’n ringtir a, sak ram pana mi khal tung pei a, Sind thlaler mi hrawpui a, China ramah mi thruoi lut a, China Bangpui (Great Wall of China) bawltuhai lai mi zêl sa a, chu taka inthoka intâl suok a, thlang tla pei a, Khampatah bungpui mi’n phuntir a, chu zoah tuta ei chengna tlangrama mi’n thrum tum pawl an um.

Olsam deua ei Sinlung hmu suoka insâl thei mihriem chun a hmŭrah thlarau khelhlip a pai a lo ni naw khoma kum 2004 laia ‘Nuhmei Magazine’ insuotuhai huoihot Seminar nei truma a nawlpuia phuokfawm histawri ei invetpui hri kha ei lo kai ve pal a ni theizie ngaituo loa, HACS hminga thu hril dinga ei fiel el bakah, ei hnam puon inzaum tak, ‘Thangsuo Puon’ hiel ei insiltir khan ei nina chieng takin a hril a, mani le mani ei insukmuolpho bakah ei hnam puon inzaum tak hi phuokfawm histawri inkhumna dingin ei hmang a nih ti ei hriet a thra. Thangsuopuon hi mi nazong insiltir dinga duong a ni naw a, mithi nazong inkhumna ding le khêla thangsuohai chawimawina le duotna puon ding a ni bok nawh. Kawrapson hmangruo hmanga inthlanga tlinghai lem lem chun an bat ngam ding a ni naw hulhuol a, ei inbattir ding a ni bok nawh. Sienkhom chuong chu thaw ta nêk a, ‘Khawbung a la ti tah deuh deuh’ ti anga, “Sinlung khaw hmun ngeia intira sui chieng dinga” Resolution meuh ei thlak hin, kum 2004-a ei hripui khan a mi la chengchil zing ti a hril chieng. Thosilen hnuoia zeldinnaa inthoka histawri phuok fawm indin hi băn tang ei tiu. Khêl chun khêl tam lem chauh a hring. Chu chu ei thrangmawbawk lien tak a nih.

Zeldinnaa China Rengpui (Emperor) hmasa tak Qin Shi Huang Di (260-210 BC), The Great Wall of China tia khawvel hriet bawltu hun laia a sor hlum inlau leia tlan hmang pawla mi ni awma upahaiin an lo zeldin thu an mi lo inba le ei Sinlung thusim hril kop tum khom hi thil buoithlak tak a nih.  China Bangpui an bawl dan chanchin suitu le ziektu tam tak an um ta a. Chuonghai laia bel chieng dawl pakhat, John Man buotsai The Great Wall: The extraordinary history of China’s wonder of the world (2008; 335 pages) kha ei tiem chun lal hrang hrangin an bawl tam tak, suidon ngaina khom um ta loa tlu hmât tah, a rênga zoma a seizie khom mel 1500-5000 inkar hiel ni dinga ring a lo ni leiin, a ieng hun lai tak khan am ei thlatuhai khah an lo thrang ve ding ti hi ngairuot ngaina khom a um nawh. Ei histawri ramri hi ei kawl le kienga thil tlung le inzûla ei son hnai deuh khom a ngai hmel.

Hranglien ‘Sinlung’
Hmar History (1958) ziektu Hranglien Songate chun, pûka inthoka ei pi le puhai an hung suok dan, hlaa an phuok chu, hieng ang hi niin a hril:

Khaw Sinlungah kot siel ang ka juong suok a,
Mi le nêl lo tam ie, hriemmi hraiah.

Hi hla umzie chu: A bûka inthoka se kotrol chawm hlêna siel a’n chawm suok angin, Sinlunga inthokin ka tlân suok a. Mipui (mi le nêl) an lo tam èm èm, mihriem nauhai, tina a nih.  Anni suok ruol hin mi dang tam tak khom an suok ve ti hi hla hin a suklang. Ngaituo ngai ruok chu, a hrilna trongkam hi a nih.  A tulai trongkam ta hle a, Chin Hills an chuong kai hnung, Rûn (Imphal River) le Trieu inkara an khawsak hnunga an trongkam hmang a ni tah. Ei Sinlung hril hi a hnai hle naw khomin ei hla thur suok an phuokna ruok chu a la hnai hle ring a um. Chin Hills a cheng Tiddim unauhai chun Sinlung hi ‘Chimnuai’ an ta, chu chu Chin Hills-a Tiddim khaw bula um a nih.  Unau Thado-Kuki hai ruok chun ‘Khul’ an ti a, chu chu Imphal vadung (Rûn) hnara um ni dingin an ring ve thung. [1] Hi hmun, Senlung Cave-a ngei hin a nih Dr. Joseph Suantak ziek ‘Chin-Kuki-Zo Genesis & Exodus’ ti chu August 29, 2012 khan Kuki Research Forum (India, Myanmar & Bangladesh) chun tlangzarna prokram a buotsai ni.

Lung Ngawpui & Sinlung?
Kum 1989-a Rangoon-a inthoka Zoram Khawvel bu hmasa tak ka ziek laiin, Kawlhai le hnam hrang hrang hung thlang tla peihai chanchin nasa takin ka sui a. China sim thlang, tuta Yunnan Province le a se vela inlal, Nanchao Lalram a hung tluk siet hnunga hnam tam tak inpem suokhai lai khan eini rawi khom Kawl mihai leh an suok ve a ni ka ring thu le Sinlung ei ti khom hi Yunnan Province khawpui Kunming-a inthoka km 100 vela hlaa um Stone Forest (Lung Ngawpui) laia inthoka ei hung suok lai thu le inzom a ni theizie ka ziek a. Hi Lung Ngawpui hi acre 96 hmun, thingdol anga insang lung tolawt ngot a ngir khupna hmun, thruoitu thra nei naw chun inhmang dĕr theina khopa lien a nih. Japan mi khuolzina fe hlakhai khomin an trobul intranna nia ringin, hi hmuna hin an hung biekzin hlak.  Hi lung ngawpuia hin inbi a, chu taka inthoka an hung tlan suok leia Sinlung hla hi an lo phuok a ni nawh ti tuin am ti thei ei ta?

Hi thil hi sui chieng ding chun khang hun laia thil fe le hung, abikin Nanchao lalram a hung ngir dan, China lalhai le an inlaichin dan, an hung tlŭk dan le nghong dar dan, Tai/Shan haiin Mao lalram an hung indin dan le Burma ram po po deuthawa lalna an hung chang dan le an indar zau dan, eini rawiin Kabaw phai ei hung lut laia lal le Khampata kul bawltuhai kha Shan lalhai an ni bakah Assam chuonchunga Ahom lalram an hung indin leia Assam ti hming chen hi pieng a nizie le a bebawm thil hrang hrang dam hriet chieng phot a ngai. ‘Hmar’ ti hming hung suokna lem hi chu A. D 1800 hnung a ni leiin sui buoi rak khom a ngai bĕkin ka hriet nawh. Ei buoina lem chu ‘Hmar’ ti hming a pieng hma daia pieng anga hril trèp trép ei tum hi a nih.

Zo hnathlak a tu hnam hming khom hi Chin Hills le Tripura ei lut hnunga pieng vong, ei tlang hluo zira hnam hranga insâl le trong hrang hranga trong ei hung ni chauh a nih. Thing kung lien tak, zâr tam tak laia a kaute pakhat ve ang chauh ei ni a, ei bul le bal sui ding chun a kungpuia inthoka sui a ngai. Chu chu khuolzin zer huom fara inthoka indaw thei a ni nawh. Thil hlui an maksana inthoka ei sui thei po bak khom tu lai chu chi-zam suina (genetic history) hmanga sui suok thei a nih. Yunnan Province-a hnam pakhat Hani an tihai hin an pi le puhai suon 58 hiel, kum sangthum sung vel, an sui thei niin an hril a. Anni hrietna hi Kawl putar-a inthoka ei pi le puhai chanchin ei lak thu ei hril hlak nek chun ei histawri suinaah ei trangkaipui lem el thei.

Shan thusim (Shan tradition)
Hmarhai thusima hming inlang zing zing le an thu le hla tam tak hung suokna hmun nia an hril chu Shan/San a nih. Hi hming hi Sinlung leh hril kopna a tam leiin sui sa ve lo thei lo a nih.  Hi taka an um laia an ropuizie thu khom hlain kûr nguoiin an phuok a:
Sinlung lamtlak a thra indang,
A pa lamtlak a thra indang;
Shan khuoa thra po in vang,
Tuoichongin hranlu a tlunna;
Thlomu siek a ke min hrilh,
Zainghawnga hranlu bah kan sal.

Shan khuo thlang fa pu tling tleng e,
I do thlunglu bak i’n sal;
Ka sawmfang thlaw, ka laimi tha,
Thral khatah la’n ei de ning.

Shan khuo fiertui thra vâr indang,
Naufa’n hnamchem ang an chawi;
Thlangfa nghaknu lien inthang,
Lawnlei i’n sa, khawmuol i’n hoih

ti dam hi an hla mi maksanpek laia mi a nih. Liendang Hla tia hriet, nunghak tlangval insaina hla tam tak an phuokhai le Butukhuonglawm le a bebawm hla tam tak hi Shana an um laia an thaw tran le an phuok niin an hril.

Chuong khopa khaw inhoia an hril făk chu hluo sawt thei loin, trămpui mitsim hung tlungin a hnot dar tawl tah a nih. An hril dan chun, hi truma trăm tlâk hi a na hle a, an ran văihai chen khomin an tuor a.  Vokpui khom phingtrâm taluoa mani kea ngir zo loin pal an innghai a, an pal innghai a tluk ruolin an tlu hlum ve top el niin an hril hiel a nih. Hieng ang hin hlain an lo phuok a:

Sân khuoah lĕnpûr a tlakin,
Mi raza tlân thiera e;
Chung Pathienin Sân zuk siem a,
Sân khuo lung ang ngîr na e.

Ei hmaa zawna thu poimaw inkhang chu: Shan khuo hi khaw laia um am ning a ta? Ieng tik huna an hluo am a na? ti hi a nih. Hranglien Songate chun hi khuo hi tuta Kawlram hmar tienga Shan State sunga um ni dingin a zeldin. Shanhai chanchin ei hang sui chieng ruok chun ‘Shan State’ ei ti tak lem hi chu kum 1962-a hung pieng chauh a nih. Hi State sunga hin hnam hrang hrang sawmli chuong an um. A tam tak, Shan hnam tia hriethai hi hnam tenau laia zel ni hai sien khom hnam lien tak, Burma ram sunga cheng ringot khom maktaduoi 6 vel ni dinga ring a nih. Hwangho le Yangtze vadung infinna biela inthoka hung le indar pei an nih. Anni hin ‘Tai’ tiin an inko a, pawl 4 Tai Yai (Shan Proper), Tai Lue (Sipsong Panna-China), Tai Khuen (Kengtung mi) le Tai Neua (Dehong-China) tiin an inthre a. ‘Shan’ ti hi Kawl (Burmese) haiin an kona hming a ni a, chu chu ‘Siam’ tia inthoka an lak a nih. Kha hma khan Thailand hi ‘Kingdom of Siam’ ti a ni hlak.

Hi taka inthoka indar peiin Shan lalhai chun Burma pumpui deuthaw opin lalram pathum Pinya, Sagaing le Inwa (Ava) ah an indin a. Eini rawi ei hung thlang tlak a, Kabaw phaia ei khawsak laia mi optuhai kha hmunpuia Sagaing neia inlal an nih. An hmunpui tak ruok chu Ava hmunah a um a, chu taka an Rengpui laia pakhat chu Sao Saw Ke a nih. Ama hin a laichin hnai, a tupa Kytaungyo chu Tahan (Kale) le a se velah lal (swabaw) in a hung sie a, Kale (Tahan) le Khampat kulhai khom hi ama bawl nia hriet a nih. Hieng Shan lal sungkuo laia an unau pakhat Sukhapa chu an suknuor leiin Maulunga inthokin AD 1215 lai khan a suok a, Patkoi tlang chuon khumin Assam ram sak kilah 1253 AD khan Charaideo-ah umhmun a khuor a, Ahom lalram an din a, chu taka inthok chun ‘Assam’ ti khom hih a hung suok a nih.  

Shanhai chanchin kimchanga suina lekhabu tu lai hnaia suok chu Sai Aung Tun ziek History of Shan State: From its Origin to 1962 (Silkworm Press, 2009, p. 684) a nih. Hi lekhabu hi India ramah ka hmu zo naw leiin Patrick Infimate-in Hongkonga inthokin a mi hung rochung a, August 18, 2012 khan ka lo hmu a, lawm a um takzet. Ei chanchin ei suina lampuiah Shan-hai hi an um pei leiin, anni chanchin hriet chieng lo chun ei chanchin hi sui chieng thei a ni ka ring nawh. Lekhabu dangdai deuh pakhat chu Kiran Kumar Gogoi ziek Historiology of Mongloid People (2004) a nih. Shan (Tai) haiin Assam ram, Tai Ahom an hung indin dan chanchin suina a nih. Ei thu le inzoma lekhabu hrang hrang baka tiem ngei chi nia ka hriet chu C. P. FitzGerald ziek The Southern Expansion of the Chinese People: “Southern Fields and Southern Ocean” (1972-Vikas Publications p. 230) a nih.

Hieng hi thil um dan a ni leiin, ei hlaa Shan khuo ei hril vet hi Shan State-a um ni dinga bel tum chu a karinkik bakah hnachanga khuoihnâng bel an hril nêk hmanin bel kop intak lem a tih. Shan State khawpui Taunggyi chen hi fangin voi thum zet kum 1986-88 sung khan ka’n zin ta a, ram mawi le boruok inhoi, chengna dinga duthusamum hlie hlie a nih. Amiruokchu, ei histawri le an histawri hang sui mat dan ding chin ruok chu hriet thiem a harsa kher el. Thil chieng lem nia inlang chu ei ‘Shan Thusim’ hi Kabaw phai an suoksan hnung, Rûn le Trieu inkar Sanzawla an chĕng lai thil a ni lem ring a um. An hla thuhai khom hi hieng laia an chĕng hnunga an trong hmang leh an inzawl lem daih a nih. A hmaa ei hril tah ang khan, Butukhuonglawm hla leh Liendang hlahai khom hi Sanzawla an khawsak laia pieng vong niin a’n lang. Chuleiin, ‘Shan’ tia ei ziek hi loin, ‘San’ tia ei ziek lem hi a taka an lo chengna ‘San khuo/Sanzawl’ chu a lo ni lem ding a nih. Chu chu India, Burma & Bangladesh-a Mizo Chanchin (2001 p. 824) ziektu B. Lalthangliana sût dan (p. 90-92) le histawri rurèl (historical framework) fe dan le khom hung inmil thei lem a tih.

Kei le Sinlungmawi
Kum 1958 khan Hmar National Union (HNU) hung indinin, 1959 khan S. K. Hrangchal chu President a hung ni a. Hieng laia Hmarhai satpui tak chu Hmar inbuk tamna hmun po kei khawma Autonomous District suol suok a nih. District nei inla chu khawvela hin lung kim dingin kan ring hlak. Chuong lai bok chun Kuki National Assembly chun Kuki inlalna ram po hui khawma Kuki State siem dingin hma an lak a, tlawmngai pawl indinin, trening an nei tran a. Chu thil kakhawk pei chun 1960 February 8 khan Hmar khuo Rawvazawl an raw leiin Kuki le Hmar inkarah buoina a suok a. Hi buoina sosang lei hin kha hmaa hnam thila inhnik rak lohai khom kha nasa takin a choktho a, hnam invoina thlarauin an sip a.

August 1960-a Kuki-Hmar buoina hung inkieng zo, favang lai khan HNU President S. K. Hrangchalin Imphal a hung sir a. Chuong lai chun D. M. College-ah Intermediate of Arts Second Year ka thaw lai a ni a. Ni danga kan thaw danin, D. M. College-a inchuklaihaiin college trinin Hmar Company-ah President chu kan va pan a. Pawlitiks inlumlet dan, abikin District nornaa hma an lak pei dan thu ngainuomum takin a hril a. Titi sep a thiem bok a, District khom a mong inlang ruon ruon tah awmin a min thlirtir a. Kan suok tawmin, “Ei District hlapui ding hung phuok ta la” ami ta.

Chu zan chun ka mangin Hmarhaiin khawpui thar an lo indin a, a khawpui lutna kotsuoa chun a kuolin ‘Welcome to New Sinlung’ ti lien kuouin an lo tar a.  A sunga chun mipui an inzi nuoi nuoi a. An rorelna inpui Parliament khom chu a lima ka hmu hlak, a taka ka la hmu hri lo Indian Parliament ang deuh a nih.  Ka lungrilin, “Hi ngei hi a nih, mang anga kan khawpui um dan dinga ka lo thlir hlak chuh. A tak ngeiin a hung inchang an tah hi tie!” ka lo ti a. Maktinain ka sip a, ka chiri a ni tak.

Ka hang thranghar chun khuo a var uou uou ta a. Ka mang chu ngaituo zing pumin tuolah ka suok a, D. M. College compound-ah makhat chauin ka’n vak a, thil tam tak ka dawnkhawl a. Ka pindana ka hung kir chun lekhapuon ka lak a, ‘Sinlungmawi’ ti hla ka phuok a, chu chu tu hin MIL sabzekah a thrang sa ve nghe nghe.

Pipu chena ropui relna Khaw Sinlung,
Changram hnuoia buonlei lo chang tah hnung;
Din tharin chung vanhnuoi singmi tin karah,
A sakhmingah ‘Khaw Sinlungmawi’ kan tih.

Sorpiel rûn ieng, Rakhen khuo ieng,
Sirva ieng Hmar hraileng lung kan ruolna;
Khuonulêng zârin, leng dang ka ngai nawh,
Hnuoi Paradis, khaw Sinlung châmdelah.

Chîk taka bitu chun Hranglien Songate ‘Sinlung’ thlalak min entir le ka Sinlung thar thlalak hi sûn le zăn angin a danglam a nih. Sinlung hmasa chu mazu kuo ei ur a, an sa himna dinga a cham loa an hung tlan suok anga an intomna pûka inthoka hnaw suoka an umna pûk, râl tritna hmun a nih. Sinlung thar ruok chu muonglei ram, hnuoi paradis, ‘sorpiel rûn’ le ‘Rakhen khuo’ anga inhoi le ropui a nih. Thusima an hril dan chun, Piel vadung kamah lung tle chi ngota rem in ropui tak a um a, a hmingah Sorpiel an ti a, chu chu van ram anga an ngai a nih. Threnkhat hril dan ruok chun, ram hnienghnar, bu le thlai thratna hmun, iengkim an intodelna hmun a um a, chu taka lal chu Sorpiel a na, in ropui tak a nei a, chu chu ‘Sorpiel Rûn’ an tih. Chu chu Sortui vadung vela um ni dinga ngai pawl khom an um. Sortui hming inlarna chu Truoni le Neilal (Sortui rakam Neilal) chanchinah a nih.  Hi Piel vadung râla hin thi hnunga faisa ringa thangsuohai cheng khawmna hmun um dingin an ring a, chu chu ‘Pielral’ an tih. Hieng hi thusim (myth) ei ti ang chi, tak ram am suongtuona rama um ti hriet lo tienami chi khat, sienkhom hnam nun phuor khawmtu zai poimaw tak ni si chu a nih.

‘Rakhen khuo’ hi rêng ropui tak khawpui niin pipuhai chun an hril. Zeldin dan chi hnih a um. Pakhat chu Khena le Rama chanchina inthoka an lo lak sawng ni dinga ring pawl an um. Hinduhai thusim Ramayana-a chun Ram le a unaupa Lakshman chanchin ei hmu a. Hi tienami an hril sawng pei ei lo dong chu ‘Khena & Rama’ tienami ti a ni daih a nih. Chu zeldinna dungzui chun ‘Rakhen’ chu Rama & Khena khawpui tina niin an ngai. Pahnina chu, Burma rama State pakhat, India Tuipui kama Bangladesh le inri hi kha hma khan Arakan tiin British-haiin an kopek a. Sienkhom, a hming tak chu ‘Rakhine, Rakhen’ ti a ni a, Rakhine chu tuta a hming put dan a nih. Rakhen khuo ti hi Rakhine State-a tien laia khaw ropui tak pakhat a ni el thei.  

A ieng khom chu ni sien, Sorpiel le Rakhen khuo hi van ram anga an ngai, Kublai Khan-in nipui laia a chawlna ding khuo an din Xanadu anga mythical city (thusim khawpui) a nih. Chu chu a nih jĕl anga a um truma English hla phuok thiem Samuel Taylor Coleridge-in kum 1797-a hlaa a phuok khah. Venice-a inthoka khuolzin Marco Polo-in mit ngeia a hmu chanchin maksak tak tak a ziekhai ei hang tiem a, awi harsa a tam. Pakhat chauh hang hril inla. Nipui huna thla thum vel a chawlna lal in chunga ruo sur lo dinga an dawi thiemna hmanga lo dangtu dawithiem, Kashmir le Tibet-a inthoka hung, tam tak a nei a, chuonghai bok chun truonga inthoka tong riet neka insanga dawsang, a bu fakna dawkana inthrung Rengpui Kublai Khan chun a hnuoi pên sawm laia hlaa dawkana dawn ding thra chi kim an siehai chu a dawn nuom ang ang chu kuta tawk der loin boruokah an inhlan tung el a nih! (Travels of Marco Polo, 1968 p. 90).

Pamtrŭl Sinlung
Kum 1970 khan ka sin hmasa IRS maksanin IFS ka zom a, Delhi tlangah ka chuong lut a. Delhi-a ka um hnungin 1963-a inthoka Hmar Cultural Society-a Chairman nina ka chela inthok le a hma khoma hnam ro thu le hla hlui le thar lak khawm sina beipui kan thlak chu bawzui peiin, HCS Secretary L. Rokung leh nasa taka thrang tlangin Hmar History ziektu Hranglien Songate lekhabu khom fumfe lem le histawri ruongam puta rem thratpui dingin hma kan lak a, thu le hla hmangruo kan hmu thei taphot kan dap khawm a. Hieng lai hin hla 37, tienami tawi 6, thusep tam tak ka ziek bakah Hmar Hla Suina ka ziek tran bok a. Chuong lai chun Homer kutsuok Iliad & Odyssey ang chi deua duong, histawri le tienthu (thusim le thurachi thrang sain) chokpol ziek dingin lungril ka phan a, a ruongam ding ka duong a. Shakespeare drama hai ang deua takram besana hmanga ziek ka tum a nih. A bu hmingah ‘Sinlung’ ka sak a, bung khatna lem chu ka ziek zo hman a nih.

Sienkhom, ngaituona mak takin a mi hung deng a. Kha hma khan Khuplal hla chang hni mi hril tawite chu besana hmangin tienami ‘Zawllai’ ti ka ziek a. Hi tienami hi histawri taktak anga bel pawlin an thu ziekah an hung zep zeuh zeuh ka hmuin, ‘Sinlung’ lem lem chu ziek lang, histawri anga ngai le pom pawlin changchawi takah an hung nei thei ding a ni leiin, chu thil vengna lei chun inro takin ka pamtrul tah a nih. Sinlung suok hnamhai khawvel, nungchang le khawsak dan hlimthla sîr tina inthoka thlirna lekhabu dinga duong a ni vei leh, inpâm a um khop el.

Tlangkawmna
Mihriem hi hnama ei hung insiemnaa mi thlung khawmtu dingin zung le zam thuhmun, sul khat kuol le suoka inngaina dam, inkona hming tlanglawn nei dam, trobul thusim le tienthu zeng khat pur tlang dam, pi le pua inthoka rochung ram nei dam, kalchar huong khata tla le thlengpui kuol tlang dam, ring le biek inang dam, dan khat huonga tla khawm dam, trong inang le inhnai hmang dam, hmêl le rong puthmang inang dam le a dang dang hai chu hmangraw poimaw an nih. Chuonghai laia poimaw chungchuong pakhat chu ‘Sinlung’ nei hi a nih. Hming dang danga ei ko hin a hlutna le poimawna a da chuong nawh. ‘Sinlung’ hi ei lo nei naw khom ni sien, hnama ei hung insiem tung ding chun ei indin chop a ngai hrim hrim. Chu chu ‘Nationalism’ chanchin suitu le ziektu inlâr Arnest Gellner hai, Edie Kadourie hai, Anthony D. Smith hai, Eric Hobsbawm hai, John Hutchinson hai, Paul R. Brass hai le mi dang dang khomin an hmu dan a nih ‘Ethnic Groups in Conflict’ (1985) ziektu Donald Horowitz khomin “‘Tu am ka nih?’ ti hrilfiena chu ‘Khaw laia inthoka hung am ka na?’ ti donnaa inthlung tlat a nih” a lo ti khah.

Tu am ei nih ti hrilfiena hnai tak le huop kim tak chu Sinlung suok ei nina hi a nih. Chu chu Zo hnathlak a tu el khom pumbil thei bik a ni nawh. Chu Sinlung chu nangmaah a pieng tah chun hnama piengthar ning i ta, Damaska kotsuoa mit varna dongtu Paula ang khan, kholbingna le tekemna bawia inthokin zalen tang i ta, i thil thlir dan le ngaituo dan hung inthlak a ta, hnam dam khawsuokna le hmasawnna lampuiah kal chawi tang i ta, inthuruol taka zai khata luong hi malsawmna le hlawtlingna hnar a nizie hung hrein, ram thar Sinlungmawia chun chuong lut i ta, i hla thunon chu hi hi ning a tih:

Khuonulêng zarin, leng dang kan ngai nawh,
Hnuoi paradis, khaw Sinlung châm delah.

(December 30, 2015, Delhi)

[1] Shaw, W. (1928 ). The Thadou-Kukis. p. 28

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